GOVERNMENT FORCES and tribal fighters exchanged gun and artillery fire in Yemen’s capital today, sending the crackle of gunfire and resounding booms over the city in fresh fighting that killed at least 41 people.

The fighting spread to new areas, with tribesmen from the powerful Hasid confederation seizing buildings in neighborhoods in the city’s south and north-west.

The urban battles over the last week have posed a new threat to President Ali Abdullah Saleh’s 33-year rule. For nearly four months, thousands of Yemenis have filled the streets daily, calling for democratic reforms and Saleh’s ousting. The mostly peaceful protests gave way last week to violence between Saleh’s security forces and fighters loyal to Sheik Sadeq al-Ahmar, head of the country’s largest tribal coalition.

Saleh’s often violent attempts to quash the protests have led the US to turn away from its one-time ally, once considered a necessary partner in fighting Yemen’s active al-Qaeda branch.

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on Wednesday called Saleh’s refusal to step down “a source of great conflict” that has caused violence.

“We cannot expect this conflict to end unless President Saleh and his government move out of the way to permit the opposition and civil society to begin a transition to political and economic reform,” she told reporters in Washington.

Tribal fighters seize government buildings

The 41 dead included combatants from both sides of the conflict, said the medical officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals.

The fighting has engulfed the northern Hassaba neighborhood, where tribal fighters have seized a number of government ministries and buildings. Government artillery fire has heavily damaged the house of al-Ahmar, the tribal leader, and the government has cut the area’s electricity and water supplies.

The units, led by one of Saleh’s sons, and special forces wearing uniforms of government security troops attacked, but failed to recapture the Hassaba administrative building from tribal gunmen.

Al-Ahmar fighters seizing the office of the General Prosecutor in the city’s north-west. They were accompanied by two armoured vehicles from the 1st Armored Division, whose powerful commander abandoned the president two months ago. So far, however, his troops have not participated in battles against Saleh’s security forces.

The Interior Ministry said in a statement that tribesmen had also taken over a five-story building in the Hadda neighbourhood in the city’s south after clashing with the army. The area is a stronghold of Saleh supporters.

Yemen’s official news agency SABA called the tribal fighters “armed gangs,” saying that they looted supplies, furniture, documents and other things from the buildings they seized.

The fighting has caused a number of countries to close or scale back their diplomatic missions. Kuwait, Italy and Qatar have withdrawn their diplomats, and the United States has advised American civilians to leave the country.

- AP