Support from readers like you keeps The Journal open.
You are visiting us because we have something you value. Independent, unbiased news that tells the truth. Advertising revenue goes some way to support our mission, but this year it has not been enough.
If you've seen value in our reporting, please contribute what you can, so we can continue to produce accurate and meaningful journalism. For everyone who needs it.
This article is about challenges facing Irish-language schools. You can read it in Irish here.
FIVE DECADES AGO, Ireland had only a smattering of Irish-speaking schools outside the Gaeltacht – ten at primary level, and just five at secondary. Now there are 150 Gaelscoileanna and 44 Gaelcholáistí across the 26 counties, with demand far exceeding the number of available places.
Bláthnaid ní Ghréacháin of Gaeloideachas, a representative national body for education through the Irish language, points to a steady growth in interest from parents over recent years. “One of our biggest challenges has been the lack of new schools to meet that demand, and then dealing with parents’ disappointment about not getting their school of choice,” she says.
Cormac McCashin of An Foras Pátrúnachta, a patron of Irish-medium schools, finds that a lot of parents now appreciate the value of a bilingual education. “People became more open to the idea as new schools opened and they saw a neighbour or sibling with a child in a Gaelscoil, and saw the excellent education they were getting. Some parents think it isn’t for them because of the language, but only a small percentage of students in Gaelscoileanna speak Irish at home.”
The establishment of new primary schools previously involved open competition for patronage – a process said to have disadvantaged parents wanting education through Irish. An intervention by the Irish language commissioner led to a new approach being introduced in 2019, resulting in Irish-medium schools being prioritised in areas without a Gaelscoil. But the projected sharp fall in the number of primary school pupils over the next decade will mean few opportunities to open new schools in the coming years.
There are also still significant barriers to post-primary education in Irish, with many graduates of Gaelscoileanna having no Gaelcholáiste to attend locally. McCashin points out that there are six Irish language primary schools in the Tullamore area, but not a single Irish language secondary school. “The state is investing in something only for that investment to be lost at second level,” he says. “Students are losing the Irish they’ve become so proficient in at primary school because they don’t have the option of a secondary education in Irish.”
Advocates argue that the selection system for new secondary schools is still skewed against Irish-language education. “The patronage competitions are a first-past-the-post system whereby we, as a minority choice, are put in direct competition in terms of numbers with the English-medium option,” says McCashin. “How are we going to win any of those competitions?”
Ní Ghréacháin acknowledges that establishing secondary schools “is much more complex than primary”. Securing teachers with subject expertise and Irish language proficiency is “a real challenge”, she says.
The Department of Education points out that there are multiple factors at play in the patronage process. “Parental preferences from parents of children in the school planning areas concerned, together with other considerations such as the extent of diversity of provision currently available in these areas (including Irish-medium provision), are key to decisions in relation to the outcome of the process,” a spokesperson said.
Advertisement
Options
One approach followed by the Department has been to set up Irish language units within English language post-primary schools. The unit, or aonad, operates under the same management board and roll number as the school in which they’re hosted. A spokesperson for the Department said an aonad “may be appropriate in certain circumstances”.
However, Ní Ghréacháin says that approach is far from ideal. “The aonad system has now become the default model of provision, but they don’t provide the full immersion experience for students. Some have a stronger identity and ethos than others through having their own building away from the English-speaking part, for example, with no contact or interference when it comes to the language of communication or instruction. Unfortunately, that’s not usually the case.
“Schools that follow an immersion programme should be standalone schools with their own patron and board of management. We have no roadmap from the Department on how these units are to become a fully-fledged independent school, which should be the ultimate aim.”
Advocates compare the system here to places such as Wales, which has set ambitious future targets for education through the Welsh language. McCashin says there were more Gaelscoileanna than Welsh-speaking schools in the early 1980s, but that Wales now has much stronger provision. “The support for schools there is grounded in legislation and not just lip service,” he says. “I’ve lost track of how many times I’ve had to tell parents, ‘You have a right to education for your child, but not a right to Irish-medium education.’”
Several schools in Wales have also moved away from English as their language of instruction – something advocates would like to see replicated in Ireland. Synge Street in Dublin 8 switched from English to Irish in 2017, and Gealoideachas is hoping to encourage others to make that change in the coming years. “It’s an easier route to take than establishing a new school, especially in areas that don’t need any more schools,” says ní Ghréacháin. “We’ve been looking to Wales to see how that’s been managed, and what we can learn from them.”
McCashin says governments in other European countries tend to have a better understanding of the benefits of bilingualism and multilingualism. “The places where immersion education and minority language teaching are blossoming are places where the state puts their money where their mouth is, so to speak. We’re constantly fighting with the Department of Education in relation to the provision of Irish-medium education.”
A department spokesperson said that a working group has been established to progress a new policy for Irish-speaking schools outside the Gaeltacht. The spokesperson said the policy would be informed by a public consultation as well as a review of national and international literature on minority language education.
But the question of how to get children speaking Irish beyond the classroom still hangs in the air. “Schools can only do so much,” says ní Ghréacháin. “Children need to have opportunities to do what they like to do through the medium of Irish, whether it be with clubs or other social outlets. We know that the use of Irish among students in Gaelscoileanna often stops the minute they pass the gate of the school. How do we get people to want to socialise in Irish? We want that to be a natural choice for people rather than something that’s enforced by a school or system.”
This work is co-funded by Journal Media and a grant programme from the European Parliament. Any opinions or conclusions expressed in this work is the author’s own. The European Parliament has no involvement in nor responsibility for the editorial content published by the project. For more information, see here.
Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone...
A mix of advertising and supporting contributions helps keep paywalls away from valuable information like this article.
Over 5,000 readers like you have already stepped up and support us with a monthly payment or a once-off donation.
The Good Information Project
Get regular updates from The Good Information Project, a new initiative from TheJournal.ie to start a conversation with our readers about critical issues facing our country.
To embed this post, copy the code below on your site
Close
10 Comments
This is YOUR comments community. Stay civil, stay constructive, stay on topic.
Please familiarise yourself with our comments policy
here
before taking part.
Maybe it’s me…my friendships must be different…but why, would you send a video of yourself having sex to your friends???? Are ye going to sit around making suggestions or getting ideas!??? The last picture I got from a friend was a pic of a dress she got and wondering about what shoes to match ? I obviously live a sheltered life!!
@Blah blah: Probably a stupid thing to do yes, but by no means was the rest of the country justified in passing it on and making her an object of derision.
A stupid thing to do alright but did she deserve to die? Privacy is going to be a huge thing in the next decade we already have an 18 year old suing her parents for putting pictures of her up on Facebook without her consent. We should be teaching children from an early age about the Internet, consent and their rights. Poor woman. RIP.
@Blah blah: Sounds like victim blaming. Doesn’t matter if it was stupid or not, whoever she sent it to had absolutely no right to share it. May she R.I.P.
There was a video posted online recently of by a dad proudly filming his son after buying a girls toy in a toy shop. The dad boasts that he doesn’t care as his son can choose whatever lifestyle he wants. I just thought fair enough, but what about the choice you didn’t give your son when you posted a video of him online playing with a girls toy your moran! I’m delighted that kid is suing her parents. Parents who put pictures or videos of their kids online as sad, shallow and selfish gee bags…
@hellogoogletracking, that’s a lame & similar argument to “Sure wasn’t she wearing a low cut top to show off her cleavage. Clearly asking for it”
Trying to make someone jealous is a massive step away from putting a video up like that online. While it was the most clever thing for the woman (not “obviously crazy”) to do, that retaliation was way too much.
She actively sent the video, intentionally……to an ex boyfriend. You tell me the rational reason to do such a thing…..and also to other friends????
It makes no sense whatsoever, unless a malicious act on her part…..this is the internet age, and there are obvious considerations before spreading a video like this……she compromised her own privacy.
If it was the case someone stole the video, or she was the victim in some way i would understand.
The video should not have been uploaded, but she bears 100% responsibility, and acted i a very crazy way in my opinion.
I feel her death is tragic, however it should not effect the objective analysis of events……the message should be….don’t be stupid and crazy and sent private videos of yourself, and publish them online to friends, without expecting them to appear online……should that be the case, no…..is it the case yes.
She didn’t publish them online to friends, she sent it to friends privately. Similar to comments below, strange relationship with friends to send such things BUT if I send a photo/video to someone privately, that is not permission to post it publicly.
If I put it online publicly to share with friends, well that’s a different scenario
She bears 100% responsibility for her actions, which were 100% responsible for the consequences.
Sending the video was a hostile act, and compromised her own privacy, if she was concerned about privacy she would not have sent the video.
Ignoring this and painting her as a victim, is wrong….uploading the video was also wrong, but was a direct consequence of her own actions. Therefore she can be held 100% responsible for all that happened afterwards. I.e. if she had not sent the malicious video to begin with, she would not have suffered….
I agree it was a hostile act and wrong but uploading the video was 100% his decision and he should face the consequences of that. To say she’s 100% responsible for his actions is ridiculous.
Have to agree with HelloGoogleTracking. Did she for one moment consider her ex’s feelings in sending this revenge tape? Obviously not. What she did was intentionally hurtful, malicious and wrong. Many are assuming it was her ex that posted it online, it could have been any one of her ‘friends’ she sent it to that was peed off with her narcissism. There are always consequences to every action, this one didn’t go her way.
@molly coddled: Totally agree, I was thinking that the video she sent to him could have easily pushed her ex over the line and caused him to take his own life.
Darren that’s exactly what happened to a lad I know, it wasn’t a tape but his ex would parade her new boyfriend on an almost daily basis mauling him in front of her ex, in the shop he worked in, in full view of customers and his colleagues – one day he had enough and tried hanging himself, he survived but is now brain damaged, his whole family is now suffering the consequences of the action by this piece of filth. She subsequently got barred from the shop too little too late I’m afraid.
She should taken a leaf from Paris Hilton or Kim K, they both made a fortune off theirs and earned ‘celebrity” status. She let the negative side get the better of her instead of using it to her advantage.
One tragic mistake. And she literally paid for it with her life, so sad. But teenagers need to look and learn because naked or semi nude pictures sent from phones to other users is rampant. There will be many regrets in the years to come when these kids grow up. If only they could be made to understand how foolish they are now. And that once sent, these images go into the public domaine….for ever.
Was just thinking the same a tragic mistake she probably did it in the heat of the moment (no pun intended) and when she thought about it rationally she obviously regretted the decision she made and tried to have it removed but as Margie says she literally paid for this lack of judgement with her life. Poor girl RIP
She was a grown adult woman, not a young girl, those are the facts.
Describing her as a young girl is deliberate to absolve her of responsibility and increase sympathy, casting her as some delicate innocent soul, abused and the victim of malicious actors.
Of course the truth is she was a grown woman, who sent and desalinated the videos herself, irresponsibly, and stupidly, and is directly responsible and knew exactly what she was doing…….and did it to be mean and evil
Pretty much I’d say. It’s not fair to her family either that she’s being trolloped all over the worlds media rather then being remembered as yet another tragic victim of suicide.
Genuinely not trolling here but a dog with a mallet up his hole would tell you that making and sharing a tape is just about the stupidest thing ever. Once it’s out there, it’s nigh on impossible to reign in. Silly tragic pretty girl.
@Adrian O’Donnell: When trolling, it’s quite appropriate to mention the ould dog with the mallet up its hole, but when you’re just making an ordinary comment in good faith it’s fine to leave it out.
Beautiful woman,But the fact remains she put the video in public by sending it to numerous sources.
Sending it to the ex boyfriend to make him jealous was never going to end well,he could of commit suicide himself.
What was she thinking sending the video to multiple people,there was only ever going to be one outcome,sounds like something she might have done while drunk!
not really… she created a video to taunt an ex – a foolish mistake. but a society that allowed her to be shamed for doing something natural because she was a sexual women in a repressed misogynistic society. have no doubt, if she was a man, it wouldn’t have gone so far, and Italy’s judges would have awarded the victim cash and punishment for the distributors. but we all know you object to sexual women, and would blame “slane girl” if the same thing happened to them. thankfully, we are growing up as a society, and you are in the minority.
Eh, she was the distributor. She sent it to multiple sources. She was using her sexuality as a weapon to do emotional damage to someone else. They decided to take revenge. Neither was right, he was more wrong.
@Alien8: Jebus A8 you got that inside out. She, perversely, issued the revenge tape video. She put it in the public domain. This is not a matter of growing as a society, or if it is, this was growing pains. The unfortunate girl made a mistake, a big one, she paid a horrendous price.
Byt don’t blame society or men or judges. It was a mistake.
@Alien8: Yeah this nothing like slane girl, she was filmed without her knowledge doing something stupid, this girl sent the tape to her ex, It is sad that she committed suicide, that should never be the outcome, but she made that mistake and it ended up everywhere, I don’t agree with the abuse but this was nothing to do with societies narrow view of female sexuality and everything to do with her doing something spiteful and it backfiring horribly on her
yep, she shared it, not distributed it. no problem with that, people can do what they want, and suffer the consequences of wanting infamy. the issue was with Italy not protecting her when she was openly ridiculed on national television long after it had died down, something which didn’t occur when guys released revenge sex tapes (apparently it happens a lot). the comment was in response to joey, who made it that it was her own fault, which it wasn’t. even if there were underlying issues, we should not think goading people to the point of suicide is acceptable, especially when the reason for the infamy was not the revenge, but rather an attractive women having sex.
Why would he be a poor unfortonate guy? What happened was one incident in her life and she should not be condemned and shamed for it for life. She is far more than what happened that day.
@Eamon Mac Gowan: And why would he be a “poor unfortunate guy”? Because she isn’t a perfect innocent virgin? Because she was the unfortunate victim of online shaming to an extreme degree? Should she have to disclose that up front to everyone in case some poor unfortunate guy has his delicate sensibilities offended?
When you date, do you also tell your prospective partner every sexual encounter, every teenage indiscretion, up front?
: Slane boy had death threats, had the cops come to him for questioning, was physically assaulted and had to move house. But yeah, Slane girl had it real bad.
But the guy who uploaded it has to be shamed and condemned for the rest of his life…..
Or does he get the benifit of your compassion too…….it was one incident that he did, uploading the video, he is fr more than what happened uploading the video….
Lets hold no one responsible for their actions, everyones a victim eh?
Have you ever told someone something and then said “don’t tell anyone” it’s your friend so you expect them to keep your secret, and they do, they just meet their other friend and say “guess what” and they say “don’t tell any one” and on and on it goes, there is no such thing as a secret if you tell 1 person, similarly she may have sent the video to a friend not expecting it to be shared but they sent it to their friends and on and on it went, but to send it to get back at her ex was reckless beyond belief.
I sympathise that this woman was driven to suicide, but with so many cases of sex tapes of really famous people (much less the Joe Soaps) going online for years & the everyday threat of ‘revenge porn’ being such a well known danger, that to send a sex clip of yourself to people is just stupid. How did it not occur to her that this might happen, especially with an ex?
I think we can all agree it was a stupid, stupid thing to do. Fathomless to most of us but what we have to ask is did she deserve the torture that drove her to take her life? She wanted so bad to be forgotten, her mistake to be forgotten, anonymity, should our mistakes be allowed to follow us around for the rest of our lives?
a) she had an history of father never been present in the family. Her background was quite difficult on a first place
b) the mother claims she was driven by her boyfriend to make that video, Apparently he liked to watch her having sex with others. It appears she was psychologically fragile.
c) she was the first handing over the video to 5 “trusted” people.
I’m not going to the defend her, though.
If you’re 31 in 2016, you should know that there are no “trustworthy” people on such matter. If you hand over the video out, you know it’ll go viral, eventually.
If you want do it, keep for yourself. Or don’t do at all.
When I was a kid, I was complaining to my teacher that a school mate revealed a secret I confided him. She replied: “you said out loud on a first place. It’t not his fault. You should have choose more carefully who you trust”.
My problem is trying to understand why she would post a video of herself having sex,even if it was to friends. Very emotionally unstable in the first place.Not as clear cut to believe she was a victim in all of this.People need to be very very careful videoing these very personal events.jealous boyfriend or girlfriend, doesn’t matter.
Her reasons for posting the video in the first place left her open to having the video circulated. It was posted to hurt the feelings of a former boyfriend. Internet never forgets. If she had been a bit more savvy she could have patented the phrase and used the income for herself having taken her decision to post it. It is very sad that she ended her life over it given that one third of material on the Internet is pornographic. Looks like an unfortunate catalogue of errors. Maybe her country should take a leaf out of the Saudi censorship of Internet content.
Poor poor girl. It just goes to show how shame takes over people. It’s crazy to think there are countless people who release these sort of videos and revel/get rich off it and are totally shameless.
Taking God out of the picture and Sin caused this. A few years ago you will think that we will have a discussion anout guys using women bathroom in America? If you were Cristhian you know that a woman should have sex only with her husband and you know also that recording yourself for another person to see will make that person sin because you are having sexual fantasies with a woman that is not your wife. Cristhian should also know that bullying is wrong and that one should forgive their neighbors and attempting to your live and killing yourself is a sin too, one need to faced the consequence of oneself acts and ask God for forgiveness regardless of what other people think of you.
BE SMART AND BECOME RICH IN LESS THAN 3DAYS….It all depends on how fast
you can be to get the new PROGRAMMED blank ATM card that is capable of
hacking into any ATM machine,anywhere in the world. I got to know about
this BLANK ATM CARD when I was searching for job online about a month
ago..It has really changed my life for good and now I can say I’m rich and
I can never be poor again. The least money I get in a day with it is about
$50,000.(fifty thousand USD) Every now and then I keeping pumping money
into my account. Though is illegal,there is no risk of being caught
,because it has been programmed in such a way that it is not traceable,it
also has a technique that makes it impossible for the CCTVs to detect
you..For details on how to get yours today, email the hackers on : ( atmmachinehackers1@gmail.com ). Tell your
loved once too, and start to live large. That’s the simple testimony of how
my life changed for good…Love you all …the email address again is ; atmmachinehackers1@gmail.com
Hi everybody,I won Lottery of $528.8 (Five Hundred Twenty Eight Million Eight Hundred Thousand Dollars) two weeks ago in Jackpot from 38 lottery play now i have my car and a house.I was introduced to a spell caster called Dr Papo a months ago by a colleague who he helped with lottery and marriage issues. All what he said and what he promised to do really happened.I guess never believed in magic or spells because i thought they were mostly scam acts or tricksters until i met him,everything changed,it exists but only in the right hands and with it everything is possible.I don’t know how to pay him for this but i really hope i can do something important and special for him by telling the world on how i became rich now with his magic lottery spell, he his good in love spell, get your ex back, HIV spell, Pregnancy Spell And other spell if you are in need of any help contact him here DRPAPOSPELLCASTER@GMAIL.COM OR DRPAPOSPELLCASTER@YAHOO.COM
CALL +2347087462033
At least 59 people dead following nightclub fire in North Macedonia
Updated
1 hr ago
26.5k
21
fuel smugglers
Border counties spend more than €1.6 million on clean-up of toxic sludge from diesel laundering
24 mins ago
692
7
Yemen
Trump announces 'decisive and powerful military action' as strikes start in Yemen
Updated
17 hrs ago
62.1k
Your Cookies. Your Choice.
Cookies help provide our news service while also enabling the advertising needed to fund this work.
We categorise cookies as Necessary, Performance (used to analyse the site performance) and Targeting (used to target advertising which helps us keep this service free).
We and our 157 partners store and access personal data, like browsing data or unique identifiers, on your device. Selecting Accept All enables tracking technologies to support the purposes shown under we and our partners process data to provide. If trackers are disabled, some content and ads you see may not be as relevant to you. You can resurface this menu to change your choices or withdraw consent at any time by clicking the Cookie Preferences link on the bottom of the webpage .Your choices will have effect within our Website. For more details, refer to our Privacy Policy.
We and our vendors process data for the following purposes:
Use precise geolocation data. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Store and/or access information on a device. Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development.
Cookies Preference Centre
We process your data to deliver content or advertisements and measure the delivery of such content or advertisements to extract insights about our website. We share this information with our partners on the basis of consent. You may exercise your right to consent, based on a specific purpose below or at a partner level in the link under each purpose. Some vendors may process your data based on their legitimate interests, which does not require your consent. You cannot object to tracking technologies placed to ensure security, prevent fraud, fix errors, or deliver and present advertising and content, and precise geolocation data and active scanning of device characteristics for identification may be used to support this purpose. This exception does not apply to targeted advertising. These choices will be signaled to our vendors participating in the Transparency and Consent Framework.
Manage Consent Preferences
Necessary Cookies
Always Active
These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched off in our systems. They are usually only set in response to actions made by you which amount to a request for services, such as setting your privacy preferences, logging in or filling in forms. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work.
Targeting Cookies
These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
Functional Cookies
These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies then these services may not function properly.
Performance Cookies
These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not be able to monitor our performance.
Store and/or access information on a device 109 partners can use this purpose
Cookies, device or similar online identifiers (e.g. login-based identifiers, randomly assigned identifiers, network based identifiers) together with other information (e.g. browser type and information, language, screen size, supported technologies etc.) can be stored or read on your device to recognise it each time it connects to an app or to a website, for one or several of the purposes presented here.
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development 141 partners can use this purpose
Use limited data to select advertising 111 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times an ad is presented to you).
Create profiles for personalised advertising 83 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit, content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.
Use profiles to select personalised advertising 83 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects.
Create profiles to personalise content 38 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit, non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
Use profiles to select personalised content 34 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
Measure advertising performance 132 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
Measure content performance 60 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources 74 partners can use this purpose
Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising) content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).
Develop and improve services 83 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
Use limited data to select content 38 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type, or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times a video or an article is presented to you).
Use precise geolocation data 46 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification 27 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Ensure security, prevent and detect fraud, and fix errors 90 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery of content and ads and in your interaction with them.
Deliver and present advertising and content 97 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.
Match and combine data from other data sources 72 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Link different devices 53 partners can use this feature
Always Active
In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet connection on both devices).
Identify devices based on information transmitted automatically 86 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice.
Save and communicate privacy choices 68 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals (such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this service and those entities to respect such choices.
have your say