PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN’S administration is throwing its support behind efforts to waive intellectual property protections for Covid-19 vaccines in an effort to speed the end of the pandemic.
United States Trade Representative Katherine Tai announced the US government’s position in a statement, amid World Trade Organisation talks over easing global trade rules to enable more countries to produce more of the life-saving vaccines.
These extraordinary times and circumstances of call for extraordinary measures.
— Ambassador Katherine Tai (@AmbassadorTai) May 5, 2021
The US supports the waiver of IP protections on COVID-19 vaccines to help end the pandemic and we’ll actively participate in @WTO negotiations to make that happen. pic.twitter.com/96ERlboZS8
“The Administration believes strongly in intellectual property protections, but in service of ending this pandemic, supports the waiver of those protections for Covid-19 vaccines,” Ms Tai said in the statement.
But she cautioned that it would take time to reach the required global “consensus” to waive the protections under WTO rules, and US officials said it would not have an immediate effect on the global supply of Covid-19 jabs.
“This is a global health crisis, and the extraordinary circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic call for extraordinary measures,” said Tai.
“The Administration’s aim is to get as many safe and effective vaccines to as many people as fast as possible.”
Ireland’s Minister for Foreign Affairs described the news as a “very significant announcement”. He said it will not solve all Covid vaccine manufacturing and supply issues but it is “a big step and the right decision in response to a global demand emergency”.
President Michael D Higgins and Health Minister Stephen Donnelly also welcomed the move:
"This decision marks a moment of immense moral significance in international policy, putting global need ahead of any narrow considerations.
— President of Ireland (@PresidentIRL) May 5, 2021
It has the potential to be exemplary, building hope in so many areas for a real new beginning in our mutual interdependence." - MDH https://t.co/VS6getVwWm
A hugely positive development. https://t.co/QlsW7MR6bx
— Stephen Donnelly (@DonnellyStephen) May 5, 2021
Jim Clarken, chief executive of Oxfam Ireland, said it is now time for EU leaders to “end their opposition to the waiver and work together to deliver urgently needed vaccines to the world.
“Over the past year, nurses, doctors, Nobel Laureates, former heads of state, artists, economists, public health activists and more than two million people from around the world have rallied together to call on governments to reassert moral and public leadership on the world stage,” he said. ”
Today President Biden answered that call.
“The horrific situation in India is a warning to all of us that if we don’t move urgently to share the vaccine technology and scale up manufacturing so everyone, everywhere can have access to these lifesaving vaccines, we will never get the upper hand on Covid anywhere.”
‘Finger-pointing’
The US announcement comes hours after WTO director-general Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala spoke to a closed-door meeting of ambassadors from developing and developed countries that have been wrangling over the issue, but agree on the need for wider access to Covid-19 treatments, WTO spokesman Keith Rockwell said.
The WTO’s general council, made up of ambassadors, was taking up the pivotal issue of a temporary waiver for intellectual property protections on Covid-19 vaccines and other tools, which South Africa and India first proposed in October.
The idea has gained support in the developing world and among some progressive politicians in the west.
Rockwell said a WTO panel on intellectual property was set to take up the waiver proposal again at a “tentative” meeting later this month, before a formal meeting on June 8-9.
No consensus, which is required under WTO rules, was expected to emerge from the ambassadors’ two-day meeting on Wednesday and Thursday.
But Rockwell pointed to a change in tone after months of wrangling.
“I would say that the discussion was far more constructive, pragmatic.
“It was less emotive and less finger pointing than it had been in the past,” Rockwell said, citing a surge in cases in places like India.
“I think that this feeling of everyone-being-in-it-together was being expressed in a way that I had not heard to this point.”
Authors of the proposal, which has faced resistance from many countries with influential pharmaceutical and biotech industries, have been revising it in hopes of making it more palatable.
Okonjo-Iweala, in remarks posted on the WTO website, said it was “incumbent on us to move quickly to put the revised text on the table, but also to begin and undertake text-based negotiations”.
“I am firmly convinced that once we can sit down with an actual text in front of us, we shall find a pragmatic way forward” that is “acceptable to all sides”, she said.
Co-sponsors of the idea were shuttling between different diplomatic missions to make their case, according to a Geneva trade official who was not authorised to speak publicly on the matter.
A deadlock persists, and opposing sides remain far apart, the official said.
The argument, part of a long-running debate about intellectual property protections, centres on lifting patents, copyrights and protections for industrial design and confidential information to help expand the production and deployment of vaccines during supply shortages.
The aim is to suspend the rules for several years, just long enough to beat down the pandemic.
The issue has become more pressing with a surge in cases in India, the world’s second-most populous country and a key producer of vaccines, including one for Covid-19 that relies on technology from Oxford University and British-Swedish pharmaceutical maker AstraZeneca.
Proponents, including WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, note that such waivers are part of the WTO toolbox and insist there is no better time to use them than during the once-in-a-century pandemic that has taken 3.2 million lives, infected more than 437 million people and devastated economies.
More than 100 countries have come out in support of the proposal, and a group of 110 members of Congress, all fellow Democrats of Biden, sent him a letter last month that called on him to support the waiver.
Opponents say a waiver would be no panacea.
They insist that production of coronavirus vaccines is complex and simply cannot be ramped up by easing intellectual property, and say lifting protections could hurt future innovation.
- With reporting by Michelle Hennessy.
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