THE UN SECURITY Council is poised to debate the problem of global access to Covid-19 vaccines, raising issues likely to underscore sharp differences between council members.

One such issue is how vaccines can be distributed fairly — without, as has been the case, going first to the richest countries. 

Another matter that could be considered is whether UN peacekeeping troops in some 15 countries, along with other UN employees deployed around the world, be declared essential workers and receive vaccine priority — including in countries yet to receive vaccine doses. 

If so, it would need to be decided who would provide the vaccines — the United Nations, the troops’ countries of origin, or those where they are deployed.

“Vaccination is not really the job of the Security Council,” said one ambassador, speaking on grounds of anonymity.

The Security Council, with a mission of maintaining peace and security around the world, has no special health expertise, the ambassador noted, adding, “the Security Council can just have a contribution”.

He added that no resolution on the matter is likely to come this week.

The Security Council’s only direct involvement in the pandemic came in July 2020 when, after long and difficult negotiations to resolve sharp US-Chinese tensions, it passed a resolution encouraging cease-fires in countries in conflict in order to limit the spread of Covid-19.

Britain recently shared with a few other countries a draft resolution on vaccine management, diplomats said. 

“There is a draft resolution,” one said. “The negotiations have just started. It will take some time.”

Vaccination “is the big challenge now,” said Olof Skoog, the European Union ambassador to the council. “A long way to go before people are fully vaccinated.”

Skoog, who is Swedish, noted that the EU has contributed to creating the global Covax initiative which, under UN auspices, aims to provide at least two billion doses by the end of the year, including at least 1.3 billion doses to 92 lower-income countries.

“What we don’t want to see is a kind of vaccine apartheid,” with rich Northern countries receiving ample supplies and poorer Southern countries — as South Africa recently warned — going without, said the anonymous ambassador.

He said negotiations over a Security Council resolution were likely to be “complicated,” with some countries uncomfortable at the “transparency” involved in committing themselves to leave no country wanting for vaccine.

Several countries, including China, Russia and some Gulf nations, have already launched “vaccine diplomacy” initiatives, either showcasing their own production capacity or providing easier access to vaccine doses.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has repeatedly sounded a warning that as the virus and its multiple variants spread around the world, global security can be assured only if everyone enjoys the same level of protection. 

He has repeatedly called for vaccines to be treated as a “global public good,” without specifying exactly how that might happen.

Asked recently about the eventual UN role in establishing a sort of counterfeit-proof “vaccination certificate,” UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said that “there needs to be international coordination and standardization of these things moving forward.”

Also of concern, he added, “is the criminal element of people falsifying vaccine certificates or, even worse, giving people false… vaccines that are not actual vaccines.

“So, I think the more international cooperation we can get on this, the better it is.”